Nestled in the east coast of India and connected to the Bay of Bengal, Chilika Lagoon is a vibrant coastal ecosystem teeming with life. Recognized for its rich biodiversity and ecological importance, Chilika was designated as India's first Ramsar Site, highlighting its status as a wetland of international significance.
Ecological Significance
Chilika is home to Nalaban Island, which has been declared a Bird Sanctuary under the Wildlife (Protection) Act. The lagoon's unique habitats, including wetlands, mangroves, and coral reefs, have been prioritized for conservation by the Ministry of Environment and Forests. This thriving ecosystem supports over 150,000 fisherfolk, whose livelihoods depend on its abundant fishery resources.
During peak seasons, Chilika becomes a sanctuary for various bird species, including flamingos, sea eagles, pelicans, and numerous migratory ducks. The lagoon’s diverse wildlife attracts birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts alike, and former poachers have transformed into conservationists, guiding visitors through the lagoon’s marshy channels.
Exploring the Lagoon
Visitors can hire boats from Rambha for dolphin and bird-watching tours to islands such as Breakfast Island, Beacon Island, and Birds Island. Caution is advised while approaching dolphins, as propellers can harm them. Fees for boat tours are nominal, with a fee of Rs 50 and an additional Rs 100 for camera use. The tours operate from 10:30 AM to 6:30 PM on weekends and 11 AM to 5 PM on weekdays, with Thursdays reserved for maintenance.
Satapada, a lakeside resort, is particularly popular for dolphin sightings, while a boat cruise to Rajahansa Island is ideal for birdwatchers.
Kalijai Temple
On an island within the lagoon stands the Kalijai Temple, dedicated to Goddess Kalijai. Fishermen offer their prayers here before heading out to sea, seeking the goddess’s blessings. The temple sees a significant influx of visitors during the Makar Sankranti festival, reflecting the local community’s devotion.
Nalabana Island Bird Sanctuary
In the heart of Chilika, Nalabana Island serves as a crucial refuge for thousands of resident and migratory birds. Designated as a sanctuary in 1987, it attracts birdwatchers, especially from October to March, when various species, including the Spoon-billed Sandpiper and Black-tailed Godwit, can be spotted. However, during the monsoon season, the sanctuary often becomes submerged, limiting access.
A Tranquil Getaway
For those seeking a peaceful retreat, Rajhans Island offers serene views of the confluence of Chilika Lake and the Bay of Bengal. With swaying casuarina trees and fresh seafood served at local shacks, it’s a perfect spot to unwind and enjoy nature.
Mangalajodi, another must-visit location, is renowned for its breathtaking array of wildlife photography opportunities. Each winter, the area becomes a vibrant hub for hundreds of migratory birds, creating a captivating spectacle for photographers and nature lovers alike.
Chilika Lagoon is not just a vital ecosystem but also a prime destination for eco-tourism, promising visitors a unique experience in the heart of nature.
