Bhubaneswar: Chronic Kidney disease seems gripping the State hard. It has now emerged as a major killer in Odisha with 4 succumbing to the kidney failures every day.
The mortalities due to chronic kidney disease in the State during the last 3 years have been tabled in the State Assembly by the State Health Minister Mukesh Mahaling.
The mortality count released is eye-popping.
As per the H&FW minister, 4,648 in the State have succumbed to kidney failure in the last 3-year period.
The reporting of kidney patients in the State looks concerning.
The H&FW data reveals detection of 15,752 Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients in the last 3 year period. The data shows on average minimum of over 5K detections every year, which is considered high in the parameter of disease detection.
In Odisha, the prevalence of CKD and CKDu (Chronic Kidney Disease of ‘unknown’ etymology) has been recorded.
As per a study published on Indian Chronic Kidney Disease (ICKD) in Clinical Kidney Journal, it has revealed that the major cause of ICKD has been DKD (Diabetic Kidney disease), and is followed by chronic interstitial nephritis (CIN), unknown.
The trigger factors of the CKD have now been clear. It is majorly caused by diabetes, CIN and unknown.
WHAT IS CIN?
Chronic Interstitial Nephritis (CIN) is a disease condition that results in inflammation of the Kidney. And this condition will be triggered owing to following factors.
- Allergic to certain drugs
- Autoimmune disorders
- Long-term use of medicines like acetaminophen, aspirin, non-steroidal inflammatory drugs, proton pump inhibitors like omeprazole, pantoprazole etc
- Less potassium in individual’s blood
- More calcium or uric acid in blood.
WHAT IS CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE (UNKNOWN)?
Chronic Kidney Disease unknown (CKDu) means where the clinical studies by doctor didn’t indicate any of the above causative factors behind CKD.
As per research studies done in the State of Odisha (Cuttack, Bargarh, Hirakud), the CKDu prevalence has been detected in persons who are exposed to pesticides and drink borewell/tubewell water.
IMPORTANT: A 2023 study published in Journal of Contaminant Hydrology reveals the following:
“Western parts of Odisha in India, such as Nuapada, Bargarh, Bolangir, Jharsuguda, Nabarangpur, and Kalahandi districts, are experiencing deterioration of groundwater quality and quantity (Sahoo and Rath, 2023). In particular, the Nuapada region possesses high fluoride, nitrate, cadmium, and other toxic elements in groundwater”
The above study shows presence of cadmium in groundwater in as many as 7 districts in the State.
Similarly, another study on Cuttack hotspots – Narasinghpur and Badamba – has found that CKDu is majorly detected in individuals having exposure to borewell/tubewell water.
DISTRICTWISE DATA
As per the district wise data shared by Health Minister Mukesh Mahalingh shows Sambalpur district leads the renal disease burden in the State, followed by Cuttack and Koraput. A total of 10 districts have shown high prevalence of CKD in the State.
In mortalities, the coastal Cuttack is leading the chart.
- SAMBALPUR: CASES: 3.114K, MORTALITIES: 744
- CUTTACK: CASES: 2.657K, MORTALITIES: 778
- KORAPUT: CAES: 918, MORTALITIES: 266
- As per H&FW data, Cuttack leads in CKDu in the State.
- BARGARH also figures among districts with high CKD prevalence in the State
- DHENKANAL
- MALKANGIRI
- BOLANGIR
- NAYAGARH
- BOUDH
- NUAPADA
WHY RENAL FAILURES RISING BIG?
As stated above, diabetes has been the major trigger factor for renal failure. The second major factor is attributed to around 60-70% population in Odisha consuming proton pump inhibitor drugs like Omeprazole, Pantoprazole et al for acidity and, also, many having high uric acid in blood.
HIGH URIC ACID IN BLOOD WILL RESULT WHEN.....
Studies in Odisha hotspots reveal that following food risk factors that have been observed in patients having CKD. The risk factors are:
- Consuming red meat (4.5 times in a week)
- High Consumption of Shrimp
- Obesity (NFHS-5 shows 23% population in Odisha are obese)
WHY MORTALITIES HIGH?
The high rate of mortalities owing to CKD is attributed to individuals reaching the advanced stage, as the disease will show up no symptoms in early stages.
Moreover, data released by Health minister shows that out of over 15.752K patient detections, treatment could be provided to only 10.895K.
Early detection of CKD is curable, and the mortality and morbidity burden cane be reduced.
However, doctors have suggested people to keep a look at the following symptoms to go for early treatment.
- Foamy Urine
- Urinating more often than usual
- Itchy or dry skin
- Tired feeling
- Nausea
- Loss of apetite
- Unexplained weight loss
